Controlling device for brush-holder mechanisms



M. E. GYSEL. CONTROLLING DEVIQE FOR BRUSH HULDER MECHANISMS.

APPLICATION 'FILED NOV 7. 1917."

1,389,137. Patented Aug. 30, 1921.

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v WITNESSES: v INVENTOR @wfi/M Max E. Gyse/ MAX. E. G-YSEL, OF WILKINSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNGR '10 WESTINGHGUSE' ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION 0F PENNSYLVANIA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

CONTROLLING DEVICE FOR BRUSH-HOLDER MECHANISMS.

Application filed November 7, 1917. Serial No. 200,668. 5'

To all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that I, MAX E. Green, a citizen of the Republic of Switzerland, and a resident of Wilkinsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Controlling Devices for Brush- Holder Mechanisms,-of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to brush-holder mechanisms for dynamo-electric machines and it has particular relation to brush holder mechanisms employed in connection with single-phase motors of the commutator type that are adapted for repulsion operation during the starting period and for induction operation after a predetermined speed'has been attained.

The object of my invention is to provide a simple and effective device for controlling the operation of the brush -'h0lder mecha: nisms of machines of the above-designated epulsion-induction motors usually comprise means for maintaining the brushes in engagement with the commutator cylinders while the machines are operating as repulsion motors during the starting period and further means for either lifting or releas-.

ing the pressure upon the brushes after a predetermined speed is attained and it is desirable for the machines'to operate as duction motors.- Such means usually comprise centrifugally-actuated devices that are mounted on the shafts of the motors and are adapted to actuate reciprocating sleeves for controlling the brush-holder mechanisms.

Difiicult-ies have heretofore been encountered because the wear between the relatively rotatable parts of the above-described devices impairs their effectiveness and efliciency' by allowing the brushes to engage, or be disengaged from, the commutator cylinders at the wrong time. a

According to my invention, I provide a device for controlling the operation of the brushes in which the relatively rotatable parts are in engagement during only very brief period and the operation of which is entirely independent of any sluggishness of the centrifugally-actuated members.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional view of a portion of a motor provided with a brush-holder mechanism constructed in accordance with my invenof radial arms 8 and seats 9 cylindrical member 6 that is mounted on the shaft 1 adjacent to one end of the core member 3.

A brush -holder-supporting ring 7 is mounted on the bearing bracket 2 in'con centric relation with theshaft 1. The supportmg ring 7 is provided with a plurality be maintained in engagement with the face of the commutator cylinder 5 by brushbiasing plates 12 that are maintained in.

sliding relation to the arms 8- by pins 13 coactlng with slots 14 that are provided in Patented Aug. 30, 1921.

adjacent thereto the plates. The plates 12 are further provided with oppositely disposed projections 15 and 16. A finger 17 is pivotally mounted on each arm 8 and is adapted to be biased in the direction of the-commutator cylinder 5 by a U-shaped spring 18 that is connected, at its ends, to the finger 17 and to .the arm 8, respectively. The spring 18 is connected to the arm 8 by means of a. pin 19 that'islocated in a slot 20 which is provided in the plate 12. The finger 17 is adapted to engage the projection 16 and so cause the projection 15 to maintain the brush 11 in en.- gagement with the face ofthe commutator cylinder 5, as shown in full lines in Fig. 1. Thefinger 17 is also adapted to be biased in another position of the spring 18, as shown in dotted lines .in Fig. 1, in'which position it is entirely disengaged from the brush-biasing plate 12. v range of the finger 17, in the latter position, is limited'by a reduced portion'2-1 that engages the end of a slot 22 which is provided in thewall of the brush-supporting ring 7 The portion 21 projects throu h the slot and beyond the inner surface of t e ring 7 for a purpose which will hereinafter be described.

The movement A hollow cylindrical sleeve 23 is spaced from, and slidably mounted upon, a shaft 1 by an annular end flange 2 1 which engages the surface of the shaft 1, and by a collar 25 that is adjustably mounted on the shaft 1. The sleeve 23 is provided with similar annular projections 26 and 27 that are spaced apart and are located at the respective sides of the projecting portion 21 of the finger 17. The sleeve 23 is further provided with an annular groove 28 within which is 10- cated a'helical spring 29 of ring form. A flexible electric conductor 30 is threaded through the spring 29 and is adapted to short circuit the several turns thereof. Governor weightsSl are'pivotally mounted on the shaft by pins 82 and are provided with projections 33 which are adapted to engage the flange 24 of the sleeve 23 and move it in a left-hand direction when the weights 31 move outwardly in a counter-clockwise direction under the influence of centrifugal force. A compression spring 34 is located within the sleeve 23, between the flange 24 and the collar 25, and is adapted to bias the sleeve in a right-hand direction and toretain the weights 31 in a retracted position with respectto the shaft 1. In the above description, the arrangement and form of the spring 29 forms no part of the present invention but is substantially as shown and described in Patent No. 1,090,328.

Having described-the various parts enterthe governor arms 31 tend to move outwardly about their pivots, under the influence of centrifugal force, and to move the sleeve 23 in the left-hand direction against the action of the spring 84:. As the sleeve 23 moves in the direction indicated by the arrow, the projection 26 engages the project'- ing portion 21 of the finger 17 and moves it about its pivotal axis \Vhen the linger 17 is moved beyond its neutral position, the

sprnig 18 acts in the other direction andquickly throws the finger 21 against the end of the slot 22. At the same time, the shortcircuiting spring 29 engages the inner cylindrical surface of the commutator cylinder 5 and, as the brushes 11 are then free to be disengaged from the commutator cylinder by the end thrust of the shaft, the machine operates as an induction motor. If the motor is stopped or the speed of the shaft 1 falls below a predetermined value, the governor arms move inwardly, and the sleeve 23 is moved in the right-hand direction by the spring 34;. The projection 27 of the sleeve 28 then engages the projecting portion 21 of the finger 17, after a slight degree of movement, and carries it through the neutral position, whereupon the finger 17 quickly engages the projection 16 of the brush plate 12 and returns the brushes into engagement with the commutator cylinder. The motor is then again adapted to operate as a repulsion motor.

From the foregoing and from an inspection of Fig. 1 of the drawings, it is apparent that the projections 26 and 27 of the sleeve 23 are in engagement with the finger 17 during only very brief periods. It will be'seen that, in order for the projection 26 to carry the finger 17through its neutral position, it will be necessary for the sleeve 23 to move through such a distance that the projection 27 will be moved beyond the extreme left-hand position of the finger 17, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. Furthermore, the brushes 17 will be returned to the commutator cylinder with a positive action whenever the speed falls below a predetermined value so that the operation of the motor will not be affected by sluggish operation of the, governor arms during small changes in the speed of the motor, and "the effectiveness of the short-circuiting device will not be impaired by wear between the relatively movable device.

lVhileI have shown my invention in its simplest and preferred form, it is not so limited but is susceptible of various minor parts of the controlling changes and modifications Within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

1 claim as my invention:

1. In a dynamo-electric machine, the coinbination with a commutator cylinder, a brush holder and a brush slidably mounted thereon, of a member adapted to exert yieldable pressure in opposite directions from a neutral position to engage, or to be disengaged from, said brush, and automatic means for moving saidmember through the neutral position.

2. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination with a commutator cylinder mounted on a. rotable shaft, a brush holder and a brush slidably mounted thereon, of a member adapted to exert yieldable pressure in opposite directions from a neutral position to engage, or to be disengaged from, said brush, and means responsive to the speed of the rotatableshaft for moving said member through the neutral position.

3. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination with a. commutator cylinder mounted on a rotatable shaft, a brush holder and a brush sildably mounted thereon, of a member adapted to exert yieldable'flressure in opposite directions from a' neutral position to engage, or to be disengaged from, said brush, and a device slidabl mounted on the shaft and responsive to changes of speed thereof for moving said member through the neutral position. a

4. In a dynamo-e1eotric machine, the combination with a commutator cylinder mounted on a rotatable shaft, a brush holder and a brush slidably mounted thereon, pfamember adapted to exert yieldable pressure in opposite directions from-a neutral position to engage, or to be disengaged from, said brush, and a centrifugally-actuated device carriedby the shaft for moving said member through the neutral positio 5. In a-brush-holding device, the combi nation with a brush-box and a brush slidably mounted therein, of a member mounted on said brush-box and adapted to exert yieldable pressure in opposite directions from a neutral position to engage, or to' be disengaged from, said brush.- r

6. In a'b'rush-holding device, the combination with a brush-box and a brush 'slidably mounted 'therein, of a member pivotally mounted on said brush box and a-member slidably mounted on said brush box and provided with projections, one of which is adapted to engage the brush, the said pivotally mounted member- 'being adapted to exert yieldable pressure in opposite directions from a neutral position to engage the other of said projections or to be en tirely disengaged -from said. slidably mounted member.

7. In a dynamo-electric machine, the combination with a" commutator cylinder mounted on a rotatable shaft, a brush holder and a brush slidably mounted thereon, of a pressure-exerting member adapted to exert yieldable pressure in opposite directions from a-neutralposition to engage, or to be disengaged from-,saidbrush, and a sleeve slidably mounted on said shaft, a governor adapted to move said sleeve longitudinally on said shaft in response to changes of speed,

said. sleeve being providedwith projections whereby said pressure-exerting member is moved through the neutral position.

. In testimonvwhereofil have hereunto subscribed my name this 31st day of Oct.

'MAX. E. GYSEL. 

